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Georgia Gold Rush: Twenty-Niners, Cherokees, and Gold Fever
David Williams

University of South Carolina Press, 2003 - 212 pages

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Accurate portrayal of America's first gold rush.

Mr. Williams documents the Georgia gold rush in an interesting and uncompromising style. So many myths surround this time frame in north Georgia's history. For example, Benjamin Parks is frequently credited with the first modern discovery of gold in Georgia, mostly because he claimed it to an Atlanta reporter fifty years later. Williams quickly disproves virtually all of Park's claims.

In the chapters titled "Gold Fever and the Great Intrusion" and "The Cherokee Nation Abandoned," Williams gives one of if not the most accurate concise histories of Cherokee Removal I have ever read.

Additional chapters review a miner's life, the people who made money (most weren't miners), and the end of the Georgia gold era in 1849.


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Bravo!

As a Georgia native and an amateur historian, I was shocked by my own level of ignorance about the history of Georgia Gold Rush. While there has been a great deal of literary and historical attention given to the forced removal of the Cherokee nation from Georgia and the tragic journey of the Trail of Tears, there has been relatively little recent scholarship devoted to the historical events that precipitated that exile and the utter disregard shown to the Cherokee people as well as their private property by speculators, the state of Georgia and the Federal government in concert. I highly recommend this volume for the general reader of US and southern regional history as well as for Georgians who are willing to develop a more complex appreciation of their state's history.


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In the 1820s a series of gold strikes from Virginia to Alabama caused such excitement that thousands of miners poured into the region. This southern gold rush, the first in U.S. history, reached Georgia with the discovery of the Dahlonega Gold Belt in 1829. The Georgia gold fields, however, lay in and around Cherokee territory. In 1830 the State of Georgia extended its authority over the area, and two years later the land was raffled off in a lottery. Although they resisted this land grab through the courts, the Cherokees were eventually driven west along the Trail of Tears into what is today northeastern Oklahoma.

The gold rush era survived the Cherokees in Georgia by only a few years. The early 1840s saw a dramatic decline in the fortunes of the southern gold region. When word of a new gold strike in California reached the miners, they wasted no time in following the banished Indians westward. In fact, many Georgia twenty-niners became some of the first California forty-niners.

Georgia?s gold rush is now almost two centuries past, but the gold fever continues. Many residents still pan for gold, and every October during Gold Rush Days hundreds of latter-day prospectors relive the excitement of Georgia?s great antebellum gold rush as they throng to the small mountain town of Dahlonega.


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